DataRowStateAcceptChangesRejectChanges综合使用示例：实现DataGridView数据的增删改

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下面的示例中，通过一个程序，演示使用DataRowState、AcceptChanges、RejectChanges，实现DataGridView数据的增、删、改。

一、界面设计

二、代码实现

  1 using System;  2 using System.Collections.Generic;  3 using System.ComponentModel;  4 using System.Data;  5 using System.Drawing;  6 using System.Linq;  7 using System.Text;  8 using System.Threading.Tasks;  9 using System.Windows.Forms; 10 using System.Data; 11 using System.Data.SqlClient; 12 using System.Configuration; 13  14 namespace DataRowStateDemo 15 { 16     public partial class FrmMain : Form 17     { 18         public FrmMain() 19         { 20             InitializeComponent(); 21         } 22                                 23         //连接字符串 24         string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["DbConn"].ConnectionString; 25  26         /// 
 27         /// 加载 28         ///  29         ///  30         ///  31         private void btn_LoadData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 32         { 33             Initdgv(); 34             this.btn_Add.Visible = false; 35         } 36  37         /// 
 38         /// 初始化DataGridView 39         ///  40         private void Initdgv() 41         { 42             SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(strConn); 43             string strSQL = "select * from Users"; 44             SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strSQL, conn); 45             SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); 46             DataSet dsDgv = new System.Data.DataSet(); 47             try 48             { 49                 conn.Open(); 50                 //填充数据 51                 adapter.Fill(dsDgv); 52  53                 this.dgv_Demo.DataSource = dsDgv.Tables[0]; 54                 //不显示最后的空行 55                 this.dgv_Demo.AllowUserToAddRows = false; 56                 // 设置第一列只读 57                 this.dgv_Demo.Columns[0].ReadOnly = true; 58             } 59             catch (Exception ex) 60             { } 61             finally 62             { 63                 conn.Close(); 64             } 65         } 66  67         /// 
 68         /// 编辑 69         ///  70         ///  71         ///  72         private void btn_Edit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 73         { 74             this.dgv_Demo.AllowUserToAddRows = true; 75         } 76  77         /// 
 78         /// 保存 79         ///  80         ///  81         ///  82         private void btn_Save_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 83         { 84             DataTable dtCopy = this.dgv_Demo.DataSource as DataTable; 85             DataSet dsUsers = new DataSet(); 86  87             //产生与表Users结构相同的空表 88             DataTable dtAdd = GetEmptyTable(); 89             DataTable dtEdit = GetEmptyTable(); 90             DataTable dtDel = GetEmptyTable(); 91  92             //根据DataRowState的状态获取新增、修改、删除的表数据 93             dtAdd = dtCopy.GetChanges(DataRowState.Added); 94             dtEdit = dtCopy.GetChanges(DataRowState.Modified); 95             dtDel = dtCopy.GetChanges(DataRowState.Deleted); 96  97             //新增 98             if (dtAdd != null) 99             {100                 dtAdd.TableName = "Added";101                 dsUsers.Tables.Add(dtAdd);102             }103             //修改104             if (dtEdit != null)105             {106                 dtEdit.TableName = "Edit";107                 dsUsers.Tables.Add(dtEdit);108             }109             //删除110             if (dtDel != null)111             {112                 dtDel.TableName = "Del";113                 dtDel.RejectChanges();114                 dsUsers.Tables.Add(dtDel);115             }116             //保存数据117             if (SaveUser(dsUsers))118             {119                 MessageBox.Show("保存成功!");120                 //重新加载数据121                 Initdgv();122             }123             else124             {125                 MessageBox.Show("保存失败!");126             }127         }128 129         /// 
130         /// 根据表结构产生空表131         /// 132         /// 133         private DataTable GetEmptyTable()134         {135             DataTable dtTable = new DataTable("Users");136             //使用集合初始化器添加列137             dtTable.Columns.AddRange(new DataColumn[]{138                    new DataColumn("UserID",typeof(Int32)),139                    new DataColumn("UserName",typeof(string)),140                    new DataColumn("Password",typeof(string)),141                    new DataColumn("Sex",typeof(Char)),142                    new DataColumn("Birthday",typeof(DateTime))143             });144             return dtTable;145         }146 147         /// 
148         /// 保存数据149         /// 150         /// 151         /// 152         private bool SaveUser(DataSet ds)153         {154             bool tf = false;155             //新增156             if (ds.Tables["Added"] != null)157             {158                 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables["Added"].Rows)159                 {160                    tf= InsertUser(dr);161                 }162             }163             //修改164             if (ds.Tables["Edit"] != null)165             {166                 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables["Edit"].Rows)167                 {168                     tf = UpdateUser(dr);169                 }170             }171             //删除172             if (ds.Tables["Del"] != null)173             {174                 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables["Del"].Rows)175                 {176                     tf = DeleteUser(dr);177                 }178             }179             return tf;180         }181 182         /// 
183         /// 数据库增加184         /// 185         /// 186         /// 187         private bool InsertUser(DataRow drDataRow)188         {189             string strSQL = string.Format(@"insert into users values("{0}","{1}","{2}","{3}")", drDataRow["UserName"].ToString(), drDataRow["Password"].ToString(), 
                                                drDataRow["Sex"].ToString(), drDataRow["Birthday"].ToString());190             return ExecuteSQL(strSQL);191         }192 193         /// 
194         /// 数据库删除195         /// 196         /// 197         /// 198         private bool DeleteUser(DataRow drDataRow)199         {200             string strSQL = string.Format("delete from users where UserID="{0}"", Convert.ToInt32(drDataRow["UserID"].ToString()));201             return ExecuteSQL(strSQL);202         }203 204         /// 
205         /// 数据库修改206         /// 207         /// 208         /// 209         private bool UpdateUser(DataRow drDataRow)210         {211             string strSQL = string.Format("update users set UserName="{0}",Password="{1}",Sex="{2}",Birthday="{3}" where UserID="{4}"",212                                          drDataRow["UserName"].ToString(), drDataRow["Password"].ToString(), drDataRow["Sex"].ToString(),213                                          drDataRow["Birthday"].ToString(), Convert.ToInt32(drDataRow["UserID"].ToString()));214             return ExecuteSQL(strSQL);215         }216 217          /// 
218          /// 数据库执行SQL语句219          /// 220          /// 221          /// 222         private bool ExecuteSQL(string strSQL)223         {224             bool tfResult = false;225             SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(strConn);226             SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strSQL, conn);227             try228             {229                 conn.Open();230                 tfResult= cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().Equals(1);231             }232             catch (Exception ex)233             { }234             finally235             {236                 conn.Close();237             }238 239             return tfResult;240         }241 242         /// 
243         /// 删除244         /// 245         /// 246         /// 247         private void btn_Del_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)248         {249             if (this.dgv_Demo.SelectedRows.Count <= 0)250             {251                 MessageBox.Show("请先选择要删除的行");252             }253             else254             {255                 foreach(DataGridViewRow dr in this.dgv_Demo.SelectedRows)256                 {257                     //只是删除DataGridView中显示的数据，并没有删除数据库中的数据258                     this.dgv_Demo.Rows.Remove(dr);259                 }260                 261             }262         }263 264         /// 
265         /// 增加空行266         /// 267         /// 268         /// 269         private void btn_Add_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)270         {271             //DataGridView没有绑定数据时才可以使用Add()方法增加空行272             this.dgv_Demo.Rows.Add();273         }274 275         private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)276         {277             this.dgv_Demo.AllowUserToAddRows = false;278         }279     }280 }

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